EMT Practice Test

1. Question Content...

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Question1: Test Management
In the test strategy document your organization declares:
- to adopt a V-model development lifecycle, with three formal levels of testing: unit, integration and system testing
- to use a blended risk-based and regression-averse testing strategy for each level of testing The following is an excerpt of the "approach" section for the system test plan document of a new project:
"Testing will only use manual tests. Due to the short period of time for test execution, the following activities will be performed in parallel with test execution: Test planning, test analysis and test design.
Basic metrics will be taken for test effort (i.e. person-hours), test cases executed (passed/failed), and incidents (no more metrics, such as code coverage, will be collected)." In the system test plan, no deviations from the test strategy are described.
Based only on the given information, which of the following statements is true?

Question2: Improving the Testing Process
Which of the following statements about the TMMi test process improvement model is true?

Question3: Defect Management
During the system testing phase a tester from your test team observes a failure in the system under test and he/she decides to create an incident report. The incident report is currently in a "new" state, indicating it needs to be investigated.
Which THREE of the following information items can't yet be present in the incident report?

Question4: People Skills - Team Composition
Your test team consists of four members (Mary, Bob, Mark, Dave) with different interpersonal skills.
The following skills assessment spreadsheet shows the characteristics of the team members with respect to a list of interpersonal-skills (for each characteristic only the member with the highest level of that characteristic is indicated and marked with 'X'):

On the next project a member of your test team will have to perform some routine tasks requiring collaboration with other teams.
Who in your test team would you expect to be most suitable at doing these tasks?

Question5: Improving the Testing Process
Consider the following statements describing the importance of improving the test process:
I. Test process improvement is important because being focused only on the test process it can provide recommendations to improve the test process itself, but it can't indicate or suggest improvement to areas of the development process
II. Test process improvement is important because it is much more effective than software process improvement to improve the quality of a software system
III. Test process improvement is important because several process improvement models (STEP, TPI Next, TMMi) have been developed over the years
IV. Test process improvement is important because every organization, regardless of the context, should always achieve the maximum level of maturity of testing described in the test improvement models such as TMMi
Which of the following answers is correct?

Question6: Test Management
You are the Test Manager on a project following an iterative life-cycle model. The project should consist of nine iterations of one month duration each. It is planned to develop the most important features to have a stable core of the application in the first three iterations and to add the additional features in the last six iterations.
At the beginning of the first iteration, only a draft version of the requirements specification document for the core features is available. Assume that during each of the first three iterations, the chosen features are fully completed and unit tested.
Which of the following statements is true in this context?

Question7: Test Management
You are performing a quality risk analysis for a CSCI (Computer Software Configuration Item) used to implement a CBIT (Continuous Built-In Test) module of a safety-critical system.
During the quality risk analysis you are trying to identify the ways in which failures of the CBIT module can occur, for each of them trying to determine the potential causes and likely effects, and the risk level (calculated as the product of three factors: severity, occurrence and detection).
Which of the following risk analysis techniques are you working with?

Question8: Test Management
In the next two months some new features will be constantly added to new releases of a project you are working on as Test Manager.
You have identified as one of the main project risks, that the requirements specification will still be incomplete when your team starts the test design and implementation phase.
Some requirements will most likely be completed too late to allow a proper test preparation.
You and your test team have already worked on several similar past projects in the same organization.
Which one of the following options would you expect to be the most effective at mitigating this risk?

Question9: Test Management
Consider an agile team adopting Extreme Programming (XP) with five developers and one tester without any coding experience.
To which of the following activities would you expect the tester will contribute most?

Question10: Test Management
Which of the following statements about management of product quality risks in mature organizations with respect to the lifecycle, is true?

Question11: Defect Management
Which of the following information would you expect to be the most useful to perform a defect clustering analysis?

Question12: Defect Management
Consider a defect report and assume that a part of its lifecycle includes the following states:
New: Is the initial state
Working: Means that the developers are addressing the defect in order to produce a fix for the defect Clarification: Means that the developers need more information from the tester to address the defect and produce a fix for the defect and the tester is working to provide this information to the developers Verification: Means that a fix for the defect has been produced and the tester is running the adequate tests to verify whether the fix solves the defect
Closed: is the final state
Which of the following answers represents an invalid sequence of states that can't lead the bug report to the "Closed" state?

Question13: Test Management
You are working on a project to develop an authentication system for an e-commerce website. This system provides two features: Registration and authentication. Two different development teams develop these two features.
There is a high likelihood that the delivery of the authentication feature to the test team will be three weeks later. To complete the registration the user must provide the following registration inputs: Name, surname, birthdate, fiscal code and he/she can select a username and a password.
A registered user can be a special user or a normal user. To be identified as a special user, he/she must also provide, during the registration process, a voucher possibly received from the IT department.
Access is granted only if a user is registered and the password is correct: In all other cases access is denied. If the registered user is a special user and the password is wrong, a special warning is shown on the system console.
You are currently performing a quality risk analysis using FMEA.
Based only on the given information, which of the following is NOT a product risk that could be identified during the quality risk analysis?

Question14: Defect Management
Assume you are working on a defect management process to be used by a software organization to track the current status of the defects reports for several projects.
When a defect is found for investigation a defect report is created in "Opened" state that is the unique initial state. The defect report status has also a unique finale state that is the "Closed" state.
The following state transition diagram describes the states of this defect management process:

where only the initial ("Opened") and final ("Closed") states are indicated while the remaining states (V, W, X, Y, Z) have yet to be named.
Which of the following assignments would you expect to best complete the defect management process?

Question15: Test Management
Assume you are managing the system testing phase of a project.
The system test execution period is scheduled to twenty weeks.
All tests are manual tests. You are following a risk-driven test approach.
During the last staff meeting the project manager tells you new deadlines that will not allow completion of all the system tests.
Which of the following would you expect to be the best way to respond to this situation?

Question16: People Skills - Team Composition
Assume you are managing the system testing execution phase of a project.
The system test execution period for that project is scheduled for eighteen weeks and the release date is scheduled at the end of system testing.
During the sixth week of system test execution, at the staff meeting, the project manager informs you that the project deadlines are changed and the release date that is only three weeks ahead.
This new release will not allow the completion of the system tests. Suppose also that you have followed a risk-driven test approach for this project.
Which of the following statements represents the worst way to lead your test team in the next three weeks?

Question17: Test Management
You are the Test Manager of a new project that will have three formal levels of testing: unit, integration and system testing. The testing strategy you decide to adopt a blend of risk-based testing and reactive testing strategies.
Which of the following answers describes the most consistent example of implementation of this test strategy during the execution of the system tests?

Question18: You can count on well-written requirements, but you can't count on an adequate contribution of the stakeholders to the quality risk analysis. You have to mitigate the insufficient contribution of the stakeholders because the risk-based testing approach shall minimize the product risks. Your test team has one expert tester in security testing.
Which of the following test activities would you expect to be the less important in this context?

Question19: Test Management
You are the Test Manager of a new project aimed at developing a software system that must be certified at level B of the DO-178B standard. The project will follow a V-Model software development life cycle and it will have four formal levels of testing: component, integration, system and acceptance testing.
You must produce the test plan documentation for this project by providing an adequate coordination across the four levels of testing in order to assure auditability.
Which of the following answers would you expect to best describe how to organize the test plan?

Question20: Test Management
Consider the following test strategies:
I. Consultative test strategy
II. Reactive test strategy
III. Analytical test strategy
IV. Process-compliant test strategy
Consider also the following examples of test activities:
1. Prioritize the test cases, based on the results of a FMEA analysis, to ensure early coverage of the most important areas and discovery of the most important defects during test execution
2. Execute usability testing driven by the guidance of a sample of users (external to the test team)
3. Perform exploratory testing sessions throughout the system test phase
4. On an Agile project, execute tests that cover the test conditions identified for each user story of a feature planned for an iteration
Which of the following correctly matches each test strategy with an appropriate example?

Question21: You are using this skills assessment spreadsheet in order to define a training development plan for your test team.
Your objective is to fill the skill gaps by having at least a team member rated as an expert for each skill identified for the "technical expertise" and "testing skills" sections, and with the ability to train the other team members.
Considering the budget constraints you can send only one person to a training course.

Based only on the given information, which of the following answers would you expect to be the best option to achieve your objective?

Question22: People Skills - Team Composition
Consider the following analysis of testing skills performed on four people: Alex, Robert, John and Mark (all the skills have been rated on an ascending scale: The higher the score, the better the skill):

Which of these people, based on this analysis, would you expect to be most suitable to work specifically as test designer?

Question23: Test Tools and Automation
After a selection process you have selected a test management tool that is going be introduced in your organization and used by your test team in a pilot project.
You have already identified the member of your test team who will be the administrator of the tool, since he/she has a significant experience with the administration of test management tools and so he/she is able to make effective and efficient up-front decisions about "how" the tool will be used. You have also developed a training plan for the other members of your test team.
In collaboration with the administrator of the tool you have also devised standard ways of managing, storing and maintaining the tool and its assets including backup/restore procedures.
You have also analyzed standard formats supported by the tool (CSV, XLS, XML, etc.) to export, import and archive all the information managed by the tool itself (requirements, test case specifications, test plans etc.) for compliance with the most important test management tools, in order to minimize the impacts of migrating this information to a new tool that could replace the existing one in the future.
Which of the following phases in the lifecycle of the new tool has NOT been adequately considered in this description?

Question24: Test Management
Which of the following statements best describes an appropriate approach for managing exploratory testing?

Question25: Reviews
You are a Test Manager working for a software organization where reviews have never been applied. After a meeting with your managers examining a business case for reviews, (including their costs, benefits, and potential issues), the management finally decides to adopt formal reviews for future projects.
You have been given a budget that you have spent to provide training in the review process and to introduce the review process on a pilot project.
On that pilot project the introduction of reviews has been very positive in terms of positive involvement from all the participants. All the reviews applied to different documents have been very effective for their purposes (especially at revealing defects).
Which of the following answers describes an important success factor for the introduction of formal reviews which is missing in this scenario?

Question26: During the follow-up phase the following conditions are checked:
X1. The code has been completely reviewed
X2. All the identified defects have been correctly fixed and the modified code has been compiled successfully and run through all the static analyzers used by the project without warnings and errors X3. The modified code is available under the configuration management system with a new version number for the specified CI
If these conditions are fulfilled then the review process terminates.
Which of the following characteristics of a formal review is missing in this description?

Question27: Test Management
Which of the following statements, about the test reporting activities for a project adopting an iterative lifecycle model with very short iterations (e.g. two weeks iterations), is correct?

Question28: Reviews
Which of the following factors could negatively influence a review?

Question29: Reviews
You are the Test Manager of a project that adopts a V-model with four formal levels of testing: unit, integration, system and acceptance testing.
On this project reviews have been conducted for each development phase prior to testing, which is to say that reviews of requirements, functional specification, high-level design, low-level design and code have been performed prior to testing.
Assume that no requirements defects have been reported after the release of the product.
Which TWO of the following metrics do you need in order to evaluate the requirements reviews in terms of phase containment effectiveness?

Question30: Which of the following statements represents the most effective contribution of the stakeholders to the completion of the failure mode analysis table?

Question31: Test Management
Assume you are currently working on a project developing a system where functional requirements are very well specified. Unfortunately non-functional requirements do almost not exist.
You are the Test Manager. You have to choose a technique for test selection that allows testing of non- functional characteristics, especially reliability.
Which of the following techniques for test selection do you expect being most useful in this scenario?

Question32: Test Management
Based on the historical data of 5 past and similar projects, you have calculated these average numbers of defects detected in system testing:
- for each 10000 LOC (lines of code), 200 defects
- for each person-month of development team effort, 49 defects
You want to use this information to perform estimation for a new project.
The project manager tells you that he/she has estimated 20000 new LOC for this new project.
Four developers work for four months on this project before system testing.
During system testing, 797 defects are discovered.
Assume that the system test of this new project is using the same amount of work as spent in the past projects.
Based on this information only, which of the following statement is certainly true about this project?

Question33: Test Tools and Automation
Assume you are a Test Manager involved in system testing of a CRM application for a Pay-TV company.
Currently the application is able to support a proper number of users assuring the required responsiveness. Since the business is expected to grow, you have been asked to evaluate the ability of the application to grow to support more users while maintaining the same responsiveness.
Which of the following tools would you expect to be the most useful at performing this evaluation?

Question34: Test Management
Which of the following statements describing how identified product quality risks should be mitigated and managed, is true?